Method of joining threads by twisting.



W. R. LANDPEAR. METHOD OF JOINING THREADS BY TWISTING.

APPLICATION II-LED JUNE 9 1908.

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

3 SHBETSSHBET 1.

8 E w M H W ATTORNEY W. R. LANDFEAR.

METHOD OF JOINING THREADS BY TWISTING.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1908.

a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY,

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

WITNESSES W. R. LANDPEAR.

METHOD OF JOINING THREADS BY TWISTING.

APPLICATION IILBD JUNE 9, 1908.

91 1,886, Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

3 SHEBTSSHEET 3.

WITNESSES I/Vl/ENTOR /ITTORNE Y.

portion and the body-portionsof the threads.

' are. 911,886.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILI QIAMi R. LANDFEAR, OF BROQKLYN, NEW YORK, hSSIGNOR TO WARP TWISTING-IN MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YQRK, N. Y.

mmon or .romme THREADS BY TWI ST ING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

Annlioation med Iune9, 1908. Serial No. 487,531.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known. that I, WILLIAM R. LAND- FEAR, a citizen of the United States, residing.

in Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Method of Joining Threads by Twisting; and Ijdohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it apper-.

tains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This mvention relates to the art of piec- 1n together threads or other filaments, and it has reference particularly to the operation known in weaving as twisting-in that is, an operation in which, when it becomesnecessary to replenish the warp in a loom, the end-portions of thethreads of the new warp are so ,intertwisted with those of the old warp that a single, continuous thread is produced the twist in which will pass through the eyes of the heddles of the harness. The twisting-in operation involves first twisting together the extremities of each old'and new warp-thread to be' joined, they at this time pro ecting in substantially afcommon direction, and then twisting the intertwisted extremities about the body-portion of either thread, but usually the new thread, with the object of facilitatin drawing the twist thus produced through t e heddle eye.

M present invention has for its object so to effect the joining of the end-portions of the threads as ,to produce a more compact, substantial, durable and otherwise perfect twist, and this object I have found may be accomplished by keeping under observation.

the fact that twisted strands tend to retain their twisted relation, or at least respond but i'ndifl'erently to any tendency to untwist, when they are twisted together in a direction reverse to the direction of twisting resent in one of them. I have therefore ound it essential to the formation of a twist of the kind mentioned and possessing the qualities desiredthat the first twisting application should be definitely at substantially the free end of the extremities-portion of the threads and the second twisting application definitely at substantiall the point of juncture between the twiste extremities- I-n practice, and by preference, the second" .means for holding an old and new warp thread so that their extremities project substantially in the same direction, two members one of which is rotative against the other and in its movement coiiperates with j the other first to twist the extremities about each other and then to twist the thus-intertwisted extremities about the body-portion of one of the threads. I therefore illustrate my invention in the accompanying drawings by a twisting mechanism of this nature which I have devised for the purpose of earrying out the invention, two difierent forms of said mechanism being illustrated.

In said drawings, Figures 1 to 6 show two threads, one from the old and one from the new warp, in successive stages of the opera tion of twisting them together, with one form of the appliances directly concerned in the operation in their several relative positions; Figs. 7 to 12 show substantially the same as Figs. 1 to 6 except that a different pair of twisting members 'is illustrated; Figs. 13 and 14 are acting-face views of the moving twisting member and the stationary twisting member of Figs. 1 and 6 and'Figs. l5 and 16 are similar views of the corresponding parts in Figs. 7 to 12; Fi s. 17 18 and 19 show the two threads (1 before twisting, (2) during the twisting together of their extremities, and (3) during the twisting together of thetwisted extremities and the body-portion of one of the threads.

It may be remarked that the parts in Figs. 1 to 12 are shown therein as they appear from the inside of the machines in the sev eral patents mentioned.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 12, A, A. designate the Ody-portions of two threads, one from the old war and one from the new warp, to be joine and B, B designate the extremities of said threads, the threads being held in substantially the relation shown by suitable means, comprising a fork whose thread-holding portions are indicated at a, a (said fork corresponding to the fork 59 in the Letters Patent No. 810,711, aforesaid), by a suitable clamp b gripping the upturned extremities B, B of said threads and by the beams c.

In Figs. 1 to 6, one member of the twisting mechanism is marked d, while the other or rotary member is marked 6; in Figs. 7 to 12 one member of the twisting mechanism is marked f, and the other or rotary member marked g.

In all the Figs. 1 to 12, h designates the center of rotation for the rotary member 6 or g,- incidentally the body part A of one of the threads is shown as deflected by the shaft forming this center with respect to the body part A of the other threads, but this has no significance in so far as my invention is concerned. A

i designates a knife corresponding to the knife 29 in the Patent No. 810,711, supra;

Referring to the several patents above mentioned it will be seen that as the rotary member wipes over the other member of the twisting mechanism and just after it has begun to twist the extremities B, B around each other, the knife operates to sever the extremities; from that time on the portions of the extremities below the knife are held,

of course, only by the gripping action of the two twisting members.

Referring'now to Figs. 17 to 19, the extremities B, B are, according to my invention, first caused to be, twisted by the twisting members around each other as shown in Fig. 18, the application of the twisting operation being substantially at their severed ends; thereupon, the t us-twisted extremities-portion of the threads is twisted aroundthe body-portion A of one of the threads in.

a direction reverse to that of the twistin the extremities, such second twisting beginnin the b0 y-portions 'A, A. It will be ob served that, while these two twists are relatively reverse to each other, the rotary memfber of the twisting mechanism does not change its direction of rotation. The theory of this is that although the direction of movement of the rotary member remains constant, the application of the twisting operation in the first instance is at the free ends of the extremities B and in the second instance at substantially their point of juncture with the body-portions.

It will be understood that the acting faces of the twisting members are formed of some composition, containing rubber for instance, whereby the same will actively twist threads placed between them around each other when the one is caused to wipe over the other.

where the extremities merge into 1 Referring, now, to Figs. 13 and 14-: the stationary member all is an arc-shaped pad having a plain acting face except for an elongated recess j formed to extend from its outer edge toward but not to its inner edge and standing slightly below the plane of the bodyportion A of the right-hand thread. The rotary member 6 is a tapering arc-shaped pad having its acting face cut away, as at Z, from the advance end thereof back, leaving the curved tapering portion m of the acting face on the outside of the recess thus produced and, on the inside of said recess, the obtuse angular tapering portion a, the points 0 and p of said port-ions m and n being both beveled so as to ride up on the threads to start the respective twists and former.

When the member a is rotated against member (17, the twisting operation proceeds as follows: The point 0 of the portion at of the acting face of member 0 rides over the extremities B, B of the threads, and, as it wipes against member (Z, starts the twist at a point just below the knife i; once the twisting members sufficiently grip the extremities B, B, the knife severs them. T he rolling and ties B, B, now continues, such rolling causing them continually to change their radial position relatively to the fork-points a-(1, the lower one of which now holds both threads. This operation continues until the pointy) of the portion 1; of the acting face of member 0 begins to ride over the extremities and roll or twist them around the bodyportion of the right-hand threads A, upon which the fork points a-a recede (the same as in the patent above referred to), leaving the threads unsupported by the fork.

It will be observed, on reference to Fig. 2, that the point 7) of portion n of face 70 begins the twistingof the extremities around the body-portion of the right-hand thread A at a point close to the juncture of said extremities with said body portion; the obtuse formation of the portion p of the acting face of member 0, as said 'inember continues to rotate, results in the twist thus being formed 'being subjected to a gradually widening wiping action which works outwardly from said juncture. The twist of the extremities around the body-portion A of the right hand thread being now more or less complete, the twist is rolled by member a into the recess of member d, one of the principal purposes of this recess is to produce a l pause in the rolling of the outer portion of the twist because, since now the plain or unrecessed body-portion of the acting face of member 6 is about to finish the twisting, if some means were not interposed to prevent it, there would be a tendency to untwist, owing to the fact that the outer perimeter of memthe latter standing relatively back of theconsequent twisting together of the extremi loo , ing for its object toroll or iron out edge of'the recess 1',

rupee her e moves more quickly through the same number of degrees in its circular path than its inner perimeter. The twist having, as to its outer portion, droppedinto the recess 7', the member 6 for a time Wipes over such outer portion idly, although the inner ortioncontinues to be rolled by the flat taces of the twisting members; this (at first) limited rolling begins sooner or later to affeet gradually more and more ofthe outer portion of the twist, because the rolling inner portion in its advance gradually pulls the outer portion out of the recess j (see Figs. 4' and 5). From'then until the member e entirely clears the memberd, the action of the two members on each other is one havrather-than to the threads.

In Figs. 15 and 16 the rotary' member gis a substantially plain or flat tapering pad. The fixed member f is substantially the same as the pad of the stationary member of the said twisting mechanism except that the lower portion of its acting face 9 has a substantially triangular recess 1' terminating at its lower, right hand corner in a notch 8. At t and u both sides of said recess, and below the latter, as at e, the acting face is con-; tinued intact. j I

When the member 9 is rotated against member f,. the twisting (Figs. 7 to 12)' produced on the threads is substantially the same as that described with. reference to Figs. 1 to 6. That is to say, member 9 first twists the extremities B, B together, the twist being produced by member first wiping over the ortion 'ia of the acting face ofl. member 1'; en sequentlythe member g wi es over the portion t of said noting face to cproduce further twisting, in

gin the operation of twistingthe extremities.

around the body-portion .A of the right hand thread. ,By the' time .the extremities have been fully twisted around the body portion of the right hand thread-A, the twist falls into the notch s and abuts against the lower edge of the triangular recess 1', which" produces a pause in so far as the outer por-' tion, of the twist is concerned while the inner portion of' the twist continues to be rolled between the faces or the members. Finally the inner portion, in its rolling action, gradually draws moreand more of the outer portion 'oithetwist over the lower until the twist entirely from-which time on the members on the twist is to it, the twistbeing rolled of the: acting face of memclears. said recess, action ofthe two ironout' or finish over the portion 1). her e. It is to be understood that, while the extremities may at thestart ofthe step of twisting them together have their tips pro- 'ectin somewhat from the twisting memers, t e twisting operations sooner or later v formed,

:first arranging th of the extremities thread on each other first arranging the on each other in densing cause a contraction in the length of the twist so that these .tips work back between the faces of the twisting members, becoming. ultimately a part of the tapermg .tail end of the twist. v 7 Having thus fully described my intention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The method of joining threads together end to end, bytwisting, which consists in e threads with their extremities projectingin approximately the same direction, second, effecting a twisting on each other, applying the twisting medium at or near the free ends of the extremities, and, third, efiecting a twisting of 'the twisted extremities-portion.

of the threads and the body-portion of one in the same direction as the first twisting, applying the twisting medium' in this instance at or near the other end of the twisted extremities-portion of said threads, substantially as described.

' 2. The inethod of joining threads together end to .end, by twisting, which consists in threads with their extremities projecting in approximately the same direction, second, efl'ecting a twisting oftheextremities on each other, applying the twisting medium at or near the free ends of the extremities, third,ietfecting a twisting of the twisted extremities-portion of the threads and the body-portion of one thread the same direction as the first twisting, applying the twisting medium in this instance at or near theother. end of the twistedl extremities-portion of said threads,-and, fourth, rolling and thus conthe twist produced, substantially as described. a

3. The method of joining threads together end to end, by twisting, which consists in first arranging the threads with their extremities projecting in approximately the samedirection, second, rolling the free ends of said extremities around each other whereby to twist the extremities on each other, and, third, rolling the other end of the twisted extremities-portion of the threads and the contiguous part of the body-portion of one of the threads around each other in the same direction as the first rolling whereby to twist the twisted extremities-portion and said body-portion on each other, substantially as described. A

4. The method of joining threads together end to end, by twisting. which consists in first arranging the threads with their extremities projectingin approximately the same direction, second, rolling the .free ends of said extremities around each other whereby* to twist theextremities on each other, third, rolling the other end of the twisted extremities-portion of the threads and the contiguous part of the body portion of 'one of the threads around each other in the same y direction as the first rolling 'Whereby- .to twist the twisted extremities-portion and said body-portion on each other, and, fourth, causing the second rolling to gradually 0perate, from its starting point, on substantially the full length of the twist being formed, substantially as described.

In testimony, that I claim the foreguing, l: have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of 10 May 1908.

WILLIAM R. LANDFEAR.

Witnesses:

JOHN W. STEWARD, ALBERT NANNEs. 

